map2loop is a map deconstruction library to provide inputs to Loop ([Loop3d.org](https://loop3d.org/)). The development of map2loop is lead by Mark Jessell at The University of Western Australia. Yohan de Rose at Monash University is now making it better.
- Combines information extracted from vector geology maps in various forms to support 3D geological modelling. Outputs are simple csv files that should be readable by any 3D modelling system (I think), but specific examples are provided for <a href="https://github.com/Loop3D/LoopStructural">LoopStructural</a>, <a href="https://github.com/cgre-aachen/gempy">gempy</a>, <a href="https://www.intrepid-geophysics.com/product/geomodeller/">geomodeller</a> and <a href="https://github.com/cgre-aachen/pynoddy">noddy</a>.
Loop is led by Laurent Ailleres (Monash University) with a team of Work Package leaders from: * Monash University: Roy Thomson, Lachlan Grose and Robin Armit * University of Western Australia: Mark Jessell, Jeremie Giraud, Mark Lindsay and Guillaume Pirot * Geological Survey of Canada: Boyan Brodaric and Eric de Kemp
This is very much a proof of concept code that is unlikely to work first time with anything but the example dataset provided, but if you would like to try it with your own data please feel free to contact me at [email protected] to discuss your plans.
The fastest install path (thanks to Yohan de Rose) is via docker, go to development version at which provides both map2loop and LoopStructural:
otherwise follow these instructions:
<a href="https://github.com/Loop3D/map2loop/blob/master/m2l_LS_install.md">Install Instructions</a>
- or you can try before you buy with Binder:
](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/Loop3D/map2loop/master?filepath=notebooks%2F){kind=link}
- Problems
Any bugs/feature requests/comments please create a new [issue](https://github.com/Loop3D/map2loop/issues).
- Acknowledgements
The Loop platform is an open source 3D probabilistic geological and geophysical modelling platform, initiated by Geoscience Australia and the OneGeology consortium. The project is funded by Australian territory, State and Federal Geological Surveys, the Australian Research Council and the MinEx Collaborative Research Centre.
- Geology as Polygons
- Fault and fold axial trace as PolyLines
- Structure measurements (bed dips)
- Graphs are created in-code from Vitaliy's map2model cpp code as Points
- See below for more details
| content | filename |
|---|---|
| Various stratigraphic topology graphs | */graph/*.gml |
| Group-level stratigraphic relationships | */tmp/groups.csv |
| Formation-level stratigraphic relationships | */tmp/*_groups.csv |
| Summary strat relationships | */tmp/all_sorts.csv or all_sorts_clean.csv |
| Fault-fault relationship table | */output/fault-fault-relationships.csv |
| Fault-fault relationship graph | */output/fault_network.gml |
| Fault-unit relationship table | */output/unit-fault-relationships.csv |
| Fault-group relationship table | */output/group-fault-relationships.csv |
Digital Terrain Model:
| content | filename |
|---|---|
| dtm in lat long wgs83 | */dtm/dtm.tif |
| georeferenced dtm | */dtm/dtm_rp.tif |
Geometry:
| content | filename |
|---|---|
| Contact info with z and formation | */output/contacts4.csv or contacts_clean.csv |
| Contact info with tangent info | */tmp/raw_contacts.csv |
| Fault trace with z | */output/faults.csv |
| Basal contacts shapefile | */tmp/basal_contacts.shp |
| Clipped geology map shapefile | */tmp/geol_clip.shp |
| Clipped fault & fold axial traces shapefile | */tmp/faults_clip.shp |
| Pluton contacts with z and formation | */output/ign_contacts.csv |
| Local formation thickness estimates | */output/formation_thicknesses_norm.csv and formation_summary_thickness.csv |
| Fault dimensions | */output/fault_dimensions.csv |
| Fault displacements | */output/fault_displacement3.csv |
| Fault strat & thickness-based displacements | */output/fault_strat_offset3.csv |
| Near-Fault strat contacts | */output/fault_tip_contacts*.csv |
Orientations:
| content | filename |
|---|---|
| Bed dip dd data with z and formation | */output/orientations.csv or orientations_clean.csv |
| Bed dip dd data with calculated polarity | */output/orientations_polarity.csv |
| Extra orientations for empty series | */output/empty_series_orientations.csv |
| Fault orientation with z | */output/fault_orientations.csv |
| Clipped orientations shapefile | */tmp/structure_clip.shp |
| Interpolated dip dip direction grid | */tmp/interpolated_orientations.csv |
| Interpolated contact vector grid | */tmp/interpolated_contacts.csv |
| Combined interpolation grid | */tmp/interpolated_combined.csv |
| Pluton contact orientations | */output /ign_orientations*.csv |
| Near-Fold Axial Trace strat orientations | */output/fold_axial_trace_orientations2.csv |
| Estimated contact orientations | */output/contact_orientations.csv |
loop2model:
| content | filename |
|---|---|
| Gempy | Notebook creates 3D model itself |
| Basic vtk model thanks to gempy | */vtk/*.vtp |
| Geomodeller | m2l.taskfile |
| LoopStructural | Notebook creates 3D model itself |
| noddy | Notebook creates 3D model, only of faults itself |
Does not deal with sills yet.
Standalone map2model cpp code from Vitaliy provides fault/fault and fault/strat relationships
Installation The best path to isntallation is via a docker. To do this visit the development version at https://github.com/Loop3D/map2loop-2 and follow the instructions.
Requirements rasterio matplotlib networkx numpy pandas geopandas os urllib sys math shapely gempy
Simplified calculation schemes 1) Topology a. Stratigraphic relationships i. Adjacency relationships between neighbouring geological polygons based on formation and group ii. Directed graph based on these relationships and relative age of formations and groups iii. Edges attributed by type of contact (intrusive, stratigraphic, fault)
b. Fault relationships i. Relative ages of faults longer than a specified length estimated from truncation relationships ii. Directed graph based on these relationships iii. Cyclic relationships removed (A truncates B; B truncates C; C truncates A)
c. Fault-stratigraphy relationships i. Adjacency matrices of relative ages of faults longer than a specified length and formations and groups based on truncation relationships
2) Position Data a. DTM i. DTM downloaded for defined bounding box from SRTM server ii. Re-projected to local EPSG-defined projection system
b. Basal contacts i. Formation based on stratigraphic relationship (assigned to younger formation) ii. X,Y from contact nodes with optional decimation iii. Z from DTM iv. Nodes that are defined by faults are removed
c. Igneous contacts i. Formation based on intrusive unit ii. X,Y from contact nodes with optional decimation iii. Z from DTM iv. Nodes that are defined by faults are removed
d. Faults i. Fault name based on id of fault ii. Optional removal of faults below a certain fault-tip to fault-tip distance iii. X,Y from fault nodes with optional decimation iv. Z from DTM
e. Fold axial traces i. Fold axial trace name based on id of fold axial trace ii. X,Y from fold axial trace nodes with optional decimation iii. Z from DTM
f. Local formation thickness i. X,Y from basal contact nodes ii. Z from DTM iii. Thickness from distance from normal to local contact orientation to stratigraphically next upper contact polyline in the taking into account the local orientation of bedding estimated from the interpolation of basal contacts and primary orientation data iv. Normalised formation thickness calculated for each node based on division by median of thicknesses for each formation
g. Local fault displacement i. X,Y from fault contact nodes ii. Z from DTM iii. Displacement calculated by finding distance between equivalent stratigraphic contacts either side of the fault
- Gradient data
a. Primary dip/dip direction i. Orientations of bedding, but filter out dip = 0 ii. X,Y from primary data with optional decimation iii. Add Z from DTM iv. Add geology polygon formation info
- Fault orientations
- Normal to fault tips for azimuth
- X,Y from midpoint between fault tips
- Dip as user-defined conceptual constraint
c. Near-Fold Axial Trace orientations i. X,Y step out normal to fat from local nodes of fold axial trace polyline with optional decimation ii. Add Z from DTM iii. Dip direction from local normal to fat and sign of fold axis iv. Dip arbitrarily set by user
d. Near-fault orientations i. X,Y step out normal to fault from local nodes of fault polyline with optional decimation ii. Add Z from DTM iii. Dip and dip direction from interpolation of basal contacts and primary orientation data iv. Add geology polygon formation info
- Empty series orientations
f. Igneous contacts i. X,Y from local nodes of igneous contact polyline with optional decimation ii. Add Z from DTM iii. Dip and polarity arbitrarily defined by user iv. Dip direction from local normal to igneous contact interpolation of basal contacts v. Add geology polygon formation info
Inputs Minimum map2loop inputs:
- EPSG coordinate reference system for input data (metre-based projection like UTM)
- Max/min coordinates of area of interest
3. Geology polygons: -a. All polygons are watertight -b. Polygons stop on faults -c. Polygons have as attributes: -i. Object ID -ii. Stratigraphic code -iii. Stratigraphic group -iv. One of more fields that describe if sill, if igneous, if volcanic -v. Min_age field -vi. Max_age field (can be same as Min_age field, and can be simple numerical ordering (bigger number is older))
4. Fault/Fold Axial Trace Polylines: -a. Faults terminate on other faults but do not cross -b. Faults/Folds have as attributes: -i. Object ID -ii. Field that determines if polyline is fault or fold axial trace -iii. Field that determine type of fold axial trace e.g. syncline or anticline) -iv. Faults can have dip/dip direction info
5. Bedding orientations: -a. Assumes dip/dip direction or dip/strike data -b. Orientations have as attributes: -i. Dip -ii. Dip Direction or strike