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vptr1.cpp
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vptr1.cpp
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/**
* @file vptr1.cpp
* @brief C++虚函数vptr和vtable
* 编译:g++ -g -o vptr vptr1.cpp -std=c++11
* @author 光城
* @version v1
* @date 2019-07-20
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;
/**
* @brief 函数指针
*/
typedef void (*Fun)();
/**
* @brief 基类
*/
class Base
{
public:
Base(){};
virtual void fun1()
{
cout << "Base::fun1()" << endl;
}
virtual void fun2()
{
cout << "Base::fun2()" << endl;
}
virtual void fun3(){}
~Base(){};
};
/**
* @brief 派生类
*/
class Derived: public Base
{
public:
Derived(){};
void fun1()
{
cout << "Derived::fun1()" << endl;
}
void fun2()
{
cout << "DerivedClass::fun2()" << endl;
}
~Derived(){};
};
/**
* @brief 获取vptr地址与func地址,vptr指向的是一块内存,这块内存存放的是虚函数地址,这块内存就是我们所说的虚表
*
* @param obj
* @param offset
*
* @return
*/
Fun getAddr(void* obj,unsigned int offset)
{
cout<<"======================="<<endl;
void* vptr_addr = (void *)*(unsigned long *)obj; //64位操作系统,占8字节,通过*(unsigned long *)obj取出前8字节,即vptr指针
printf("vptr_addr:%p\n",vptr_addr);
/**
* @brief 通过vptr指针访问virtual table,因为虚表中每个元素(虚函数指针)在64位编译器下是8个字节,因此通过*(unsigned long *)vptr_addr取出前8字节,
* 后面加上偏移量就是每个函数的地址!
*/
void* func_addr = (void *)*((unsigned long *)vptr_addr+offset);
printf("func_addr:%p\n",func_addr);
return (Fun)func_addr;
}
int main(void)
{
Base ptr;
Derived d;
Base *pt = new Derived(); // 基类指针指向派生类实例
Base &pp = ptr; // 基类引用指向基类实例
Base &p = d; // 基类引用指向派生类实例
cout<<"基类对象直接调用"<<endl;
ptr.fun1();
cout<<"基类引用指向基类实例"<<endl;
pp.fun1();
cout<<"基类指针指向派生类实例并调用虚函数"<<endl;
pt->fun1();
cout<<"基类引用指向基类实例并调用虚函数"<<endl;
p.fun1();
// 手动查找vptr 和 vtable
Fun f1 = getAddr(pt, 0);
(*f1)();
Fun f2 = getAddr(pt, 1);
(*f2)();
delete pt;
return 0;
}